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Semen Quality Measures in Hookah and Cigarette Smokers Compared to Nonsmokers Hamadneh 2025 The Scientific World Journal Wiley Online Library Cigarette damaged sperm DNA causes miscarriages Relationship between semen quality and tobacco chewing in men undergoing infertility evaluation ScienceDirect Its not just about smoking cigarettes. The concern is the nicotine itself., Nicotine can affect reproductive health by impacting blood flow, hormone signaling, egg and sperm quality, and The mutagenic effect of tobacco smoke on male fertility Environmental Science and Pollution Research Springer Nature Link The Influence of Cigarette Smoking on Sperm Quality and Sperm Membrane Integrity Bentham Science
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