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Brasil Psychometric properties of the Fagerstrm Test for Nicotine Dependence Psychometric properties of the Fagerstrm Test for Nicotine Dependence Evidence update on e cigarette dependence: A systematic review and meta analysis ScienceDirect The Roswell eND scale: Brief, valid assessment of nicotine dependence adults seeking to discontinue e cigarette use ScienceDirect Understanding perceived addiction to and addictiveness of electronic cigarettes among electronic cigarette users: a crosssectional analysis of the International Tobacco Control Smoking and Vaping (ITC 4CV) England Survey Lohner 2023 Development and initial validation of a new self report measure to assess perceived dependence on tobacco and nicotine products Scientific Reports New research shows e cigarette use up sharply among younger adults in US during EVALI outbreak and COVID 19 pandemic

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